On Unix-like operating systems, the rename command renames multiple files, using regular expressions. It was written by Larry Wall, creator of the Perl programming language.
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目錄
1 rename 運行系統(tǒng)環(huán)境
2 rename 描述
3 rename 語法
4 rename 例子
rename 運行系統(tǒng)環(huán)境
Unix&Linux
rename 描述
rename命名根據(jù)正則表達式perlexpr重命名已命名的文件。
如果給定文件未被表達式修改，則不會重命名。如果在命令行上未提供文件名，則將通過標準輸入讀取文件名。
rename renames the named files according to the regular expression perlexpr.
If a given file is not modified by the expression, it will not be renamed. If no file names are given on the command line, file names will be read via standard input.
Verbose: print names of files successfully renamed.
-n, --no-act
No Action: show what files would have been renamed.
-f, --force
Force: overwrite existing files.
Perl Expressions: A Quick Overview
The perlexprargument is a regular expression as used by the Perl programming language. Perl regular expressions is a complex and nuanced subject, but here is a brief overview:
Substitution
To substitute one expression for another, the form of perlexpr is:
s/expr1/expr2/[gi]
...where expr1 is an expression describing the string you want to replace, and expr2 is an expression describing the string you want to replace. For instance,
s/silly/foolish/
...would substitute the first occurrence of the string 'silly' with the string 'foolish'.
To perform global substitution (that is, to substitute expr2 for expr1 as many times as expr1 occurs), add the modifier g at the end of the substitution expression. For instance:
s/silly/foolish/g
...would substitute every occurrence of 'silly' with 'foolish', no matter how many times it occurs.
To perform matching in a case-insensitive manner, add an i at the end of the substitution expression. For instance,
s/silly/foolish/i
...would substitute 'SILLY', 'Silly', or 'siLLY' with 'foolish'.
The g and i modifiers may both be specified in the same expression, to perform case-insensitive global substitution, for example:
s/silly/foolish/gi
Metacharacters
A metacharacter is a character (or characters) which has a special meaning. They can be used in an expression to precisely define which strings should be matched and replaced.
These are some common metacharacters that can be used in a Perl Expression:
metacharacters
meaning
^
Matches the beginning of a string.
$
Matches the end of a string.
.
Matches any character, except a newline.
*
Matches occurrences of the preceding character, or group of characters, zero or more times.
+
Matches occurrences of the preceding character, or group of characters, one or more times.
?
Match occurrences of the preceding character, or group of characters, zero or one times.
If used after a repetition modifier, '?' specifies that the shortest possible match should be used. For instance, 'a{2,4}?' will match 'aa' even if 'aaa' and 'aaaa' would also match. See repetition modifiers, below.
|
Alternation; behaves like a boolean 'OR'. For instance, 'butter|jelly' will match either butter or jelly.
(...)
Grouping. For instance, '(eg|le)gs' will match either 'eggs' or 'legs'.
[...]
A set of characters. For instance, '[abc]' will match either 'a' or 'b' or 'c'. Character sets can be defined as:
[characters]
Matches any one of the characters listed.
[x-y]
Matches any in a range of characters between x and y, inclusive. For instance, '[c-e]' will match either c, d, or e, and '[a-z]' will match any lowercase letter.
[^characters]
Does not match characters; in other words, matches any character except those listed. Can also negate a character range; for instance, '[^a-d]' matches any character except a, b, c, or d.
[\-]
Matches the hyphen character ("-").
[x-yX-Z]
Multiple character ranges can be placed in a character set consecutively. For instance, '[a-zA-Z]' matches any letter, uppercase or lowercase.
{m[,[n]]}
A repetition modifier which matches at least m and at most n of the preceding characters. For instance, 'a{2}' will match 'aa', 'a{2,4}' will match either 'aa', 'aaa', or 'aaaa', and 'b{2,}' will match two or more consecutive b characters.
\
Escapes a metacharacter so that it is treated literally. For instance, '\+' matches a literal '+' (instead of the plus symbol having its special metacharacter meaning).
\t
Matches a tab character.
\n
Matches a newline character.
\r
Matches a carriage return character.
\w
Matches any single character classified as a "word" character (either an alphanumeric character or an underscore '_').
\W
Matches any single non-"word" character.
\s
Matches any single whitespace character (space, tab, newline).
\S
Matches any single non-whitespace character.
\d
Matches any digit character. This switch is equivalent to the character set '[0-9]'
\D
Matches any non-digit character.
\b
A "zero-width" matching assertion which matches any "word boundary".
\B
A "zero-width" matching assertion which matches any non-"word boundary".
Translation
Translation is similar to substitution. It can be used to translate one string to another, character-for-character. Translation expressions are specified as follows:
y/charset1/charset2/
...where each character in the set charset1, in order, is to be translated into the corresponding character from the character set charset2. (These sets are just like the character sets above, except you don't need to put them in brackets.) For example, the translation expression:
y/abc/def/
...would translate every letter a into the letter d, every b into an e, etc.
This also works for charsets defined as ranges. For example:
y/a-z/A-Z/
Would translate every lowercase letter into its uppercase equivalent.
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rename 例子
rename 's/\.jpeg$/.jpg/' *
重命名任何擴展名為“ .jpeg ”的文件，使其擴展名為“ .jpg”。
find -type f -name '*.jpg' | rename 's/holiday/honeymoon/'
Rename any files with the extension ".jpeg" to have the extension ".jpg."
find -type f -name '*.jpg' | rename 's/holiday/honeymoon/'
For all files with the extension ".jpg", if they contain the string "holiday", replace it with "honeymoon". For instance, this command would rename the file "ourholiday001.jpg" to "ourhoneymoon001.jpg".
This example also illustrates how to use the find command to send a list of files (-type f) with the extension .jpg (-name '*.jpg') to rename via a pipe (|). rename then reads its file list from standard input.
rename 's/\.bak$//' *.bak
Rename all files matching "*.bak" to strip the file name of its extension. For instance, this command would rename the file "project.bak" to "project".
rename 'y/A-Z/a-z/' *
Rename files such that all uppercase letters are changed to their lowercase equivalents.
rename (使用正則表達式重命名多個文件)
在類似Unix的操作系統(tǒng)上，named命令使用正則表達式重命名多個文件。它由Perl編程語言的創(chuàng)建者Larry Wall編寫。
On Unix-like operating systems, the rename command renames multiple files, using regular expressions. It was written by Larry Wall, creator of the Perl programming language.
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1 rename 運行系統(tǒng)環(huán)境
2 rename 描述
3 rename 語法
4 rename 例子
rename 運行系統(tǒng)環(huán)境
Unix&Linux
rename 描述
rename命名根據(jù)正則表達式perlexpr重命名已命名的文件。
如果給定文件未被表達式修改，則不會重命名。如果在命令行上未提供文件名，則將通過標準輸入讀取文件名。
rename renames the named files according to the regular expression perlexpr.
If a given file is not modified by the expression, it will not be renamed. If no file names are given on the command line, file names will be read via standard input.
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rename 語法
選項
Perl表達式：快速概述
所述perlexpr 參數(shù)是13759 Perl的編程語言中的正則表達式。Perl正則表達式是一個復雜而細微的主題，但是這里是一個簡短的概述：
代換
用一個表達式替換另一個表達式，perlexpr的形式是：
...其中，表達式1是描述一個表達式字符串要替換，和表達式2是描述你要替換的字符串的表達式。例如，
...將用字符串' foolish '代替字符串' silly '的首次出現(xiàn)。
要執(zhí)行全局替換（即，將expr2替換為expr1的次數(shù)與expr1發(fā)生的次數(shù)一樣多），請在替換表達式的末尾添加修飾符g。例如：
...無論發(fā)生多少次，都將用“silly”代替每次“foolish”的發(fā)生。
要以不區(qū)分大小寫的方式執(zhí)行匹配，請在替換表達式的末尾添加一個i。例如，
...將替代“SILLY”，“Silly”，或“siLLY”與“foolish”。
的g和i改性劑可以在兩個相同的表達式來指定，以進行不區(qū)分大小寫的全局替換，例如：
元字符
甲元字符是一個字符，其具有特殊的含義（或字符）。可以在表達式中使用它們來精確定義應匹配和替換的字符串。
這些是可以在Perl表達式中使用的一些常見的元字符：
如果重復修飾符，后使用'?'指定應使用最短的匹配項。例如，' a {2,4}？即使“ aaa ”和“ aaaa ”也匹配，“ ”也會匹配“ aa ” 。請參閱下面的重復修飾符。
翻譯
翻譯類似于替代。它可以用于將一個字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為另一個字符串。翻譯表達式的指定如下：
...按順序?qū)⒆址?i>charset1中的每個字符轉(zhuǎn)換為字符集charset2中的相應字符。（這些集與上面的字符集一樣，只不過您不需要將它們放在方括號中。）例如，翻譯表達式：
...將每個字母a轉(zhuǎn)換為字母d，每個b轉(zhuǎn)換為e，等等。
這也適用于定義為范圍的charset。例如：
將每個小寫字母轉(zhuǎn)換為等效的大寫字母。
Options
Perl Expressions: A Quick Overview
The perlexpr argument is a regular expression as used by the Perl programming language. Perl regular expressions is a complex and nuanced subject, but here is a brief overview:
Substitution
To substitute one expression for another, the form of perlexpr is:
...where expr1 is an expression describing the string you want to replace, and expr2 is an expression describing the string you want to replace. For instance,
...would substitute the first occurrence of the string 'silly' with the string 'foolish'.
To perform global substitution (that is, to substitute expr2 for expr1 as many times as expr1 occurs), add the modifier g at the end of the substitution expression. For instance:
...would substitute every occurrence of 'silly' with 'foolish', no matter how many times it occurs.
To perform matching in a case-insensitive manner, add an i at the end of the substitution expression. For instance,
...would substitute 'SILLY', 'Silly', or 'siLLY' with 'foolish'.
The g and i modifiers may both be specified in the same expression, to perform case-insensitive global substitution, for example:
Metacharacters
A metacharacter is a character (or characters) which has a special meaning. They can be used in an expression to precisely define which strings should be matched and replaced.
These are some common metacharacters that can be used in a Perl Expression:
If used after a repetition modifier, '?' specifies that the shortest possible match should be used. For instance, 'a{2,4}?' will match 'aa' even if 'aaa' and 'aaaa' would also match. See repetition modifiers, below.
Translation
Translation is similar to substitution. It can be used to translate one string to another, character-for-character. Translation expressions are specified as follows:
...where each character in the set charset1, in order, is to be translated into the corresponding character from the character set charset2. (These sets are just like the character sets above, except you don't need to put them in brackets.) For example, the translation expression:
...would translate every letter a into the letter d, every b into an e, etc.
This also works for charsets defined as ranges. For example:
Would translate every lowercase letter into its uppercase equivalent.
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rename 例子
重命名任何擴展名為“ .jpeg ”的文件，使其擴展名為“ .jpg”。
對于所有擴展名為“ .jpg ”的文件，如果它們包含字符串“ holiday ”，則將其替換為“honeymoon”。例如，此命令會將文件“ ourholiday001.jpg ”重命名為“ ourhoneymoon001.jpg ”。
此示例還說明了如何使用find命令發(fā)送擴展名為.jpg（-name'* .jpg'）的文件列表（-type f），以通過管道（|）重命名。重命名然后從標準輸入中讀取其文件列表。
重命名所有匹配“ * .bak ”的文件，以去除其擴展名的文件名。例如，此命令會將文件“ project.bak ”重命名為“ project ”。
重命名文件，以便將所有大寫字母更改為它們的小寫字母。
Rename any files with the extension ".jpeg" to have the extension ".jpg."
For all files with the extension ".jpg", if they contain the string "holiday", replace it with "honeymoon". For instance, this command would rename the file "ourholiday001.jpg" to "ourhoneymoon001.jpg".
This example also illustrates how to use the find command to send a list of files (-type f) with the extension .jpg (-name '*.jpg') to rename via a pipe (|). rename then reads its file list from standard input.
Rename all files matching "*.bak" to strip the file name of its extension. For instance, this command would rename the file "project.bak" to "project".
Rename files such that all uppercase letters are changed to their lowercase equivalents.
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其他命令行
renice | replace | rm | rmdir | rn | route | rpcinfo | rcp | readlink | rehash | rsh | rlogin | rmmod |