In the bash shell, the fc built-in command lists, edits, or re-executes commands previously entered to a shell. The history built-in command allows you to use words from previous command lines in the command line you are typing. This simplifies spelling corrections and the repetition of complicated commands or arguments.
Each shell (the Bourne shell, the Bourne Again Shell, the C Shell, the Korn Shell, etc.) has its own slight differences in how it handles, and allows access to, the command history. In general, the following commands help you navigate and use your command history in the Linux/Unix shell.
history displays or manipulate the history list with line numbers, prefixing each modified entry with a '*'. An argument of n lists only the last b entries.
Syntax: history
history [-c] [-d offset ] [ n ]
history -anrw [ file name ]
history -ps arg [ arg... ]
Options: history
-c
Clear the history list by deleting all of the entries.
-doffset
Delete the history entry at offset OFFSET.
-a
Append history lines from this session to the history file.
-n
Read all history lines not already read from the history file.
-r
Read the history file and append the contents to the history list.
-w
Write the current history to the history file and append them to the history list
-p
Perform history expansion on each ARG and display the result without storing it in the history list.
-s
Append the ARGs to the history list as a single entry.
If FILE NAME is given, it is used as the history file. Otherwise, if $HISTFILE has a value, that is used, else ~/.bash_history.
If the $HISTTIMEFORMAT variable is set and not null, its value is used as a format string for strftime to print the timestamp associated with each displayed history entry. No timestamps are printed otherwise.
Syntax: fc
fc [-e ename] [-lnr] [first] [last]
fc -s [pat=rep] [command]
fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history list. FIRST and LAST can be numbers specifying the range, or FIRST can be a string, which means the most recent command beginning with that string.
Options: fc
-e ENAME
Select which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then EDITOR, then vi.
-l
List lines instead of editing.
-n
Omit line numbers when listing.
-r
Reverse the order of the lines (newest listed first).
With the 'fc -s [pat=rep ...] [command]' format, COMMAND is re-executed after the substitution OLD=NEW is performed.
A useful alias to use with this is r='fc -s', so that typing 'r cc' runs the last command beginning with 'cc' and typing 'r' re-executes the last command.
Other history commands and shortcuts
!string
Execute the most recent command that begins with string.
!num
Execute command that is number num in the command history.
!-num
Execute the command was run num commands previous in the history.
!!
Execute the previous (most recently-executed) command.
!?string[?]
Execute the most recent command containing the string string. The trailing ? may be omitted if string represents the end of the command in question.
^string1^string2^
Repeat the previous command executed, replacing string1 with string2. The previous command must contain string1.
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fc 例子
fc -l
列出計算機上的命令歷史記錄，類似于以下內(nèi)容：
2 grep --help
3 bg
4 fg
5 pine
6 cd public_html
7 rm index.html
8 sz index.html
9 ls -laxo
10 chmod 755 index.htm
fc -e - ls
執(zhí)行以字母ls開頭的最近執(zhí)行的命令。
history
僅輸入歷史記錄就會得到與以下類似的結(jié)果：
2 grep --help
3 bg
4 fg
5 pine
6 cd public_html
7 rm index.html
8 sz index.html
9 ls -laxo
10 chmod 755 index.htm
!ls
執(zhí)行以字母ls開頭的最近執(zhí)行的命令。
!!
將重新執(zhí)行最近執(zhí)行的命令。
fc -l
Lists the history of commands on the computer similar to the following:
2 grep --help
3 bg
4 fg
5 pine
6 cd public_html
7 rm index.html
8 sz index.html
9 ls -laxo
10 chmod 755 index.htm
fc -e - ls
Executes the most recently executed command that begins with the letters ls.
history
Typing history alone would give results similar to the following:
2 grep --help
3 bg
4 fg
5 pine
6 cd public_html
7 rm index.html
8 sz index.html
9 ls -laxo
10 chmod 755 index.htm
!ls
Executes the most recently executed command that begins with the letters ls.
!!
Would re-execute the most recently executed command.
fc (列出，編輯或重新執(zhí)行先前輸入到shell中的命令)
在bash shell中，fc 內(nèi)置命令列出，編輯或重新執(zhí)行先前輸入到shell中的命令。在歷史的內(nèi)置命令可以使用以前的話命令行命令行你打字。這簡化了拼寫糾正和復(fù)雜命令或參數(shù)的重復(fù)。
In the bash shell, the fc built-in command lists, edits, or re-executes commands previously entered to a shell. The history built-in command allows you to use words from previous command lines in the command line you are typing. This simplifies spelling corrections and the repetition of complicated commands or arguments.
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1 fc 運行系統(tǒng)環(huán)境
2 fc 說明
3 fc 例子
fc 運行系統(tǒng)環(huán)境
Linux
fc 說明
每個外殼（Bourne外殼，Bourne Again外殼，C外殼，Korn外殼等）在處理和允許訪問命令歷史記錄的方式上都有其自己的細(xì)微差別。通常，以下命令可幫助您在Linux / Unix Shell中導(dǎo)航和使用命令歷史記錄。
歷史記錄使用行號顯示或操作歷史記錄列表，并在每個修改后的條目前面加上“ * ”。n的參數(shù)僅列出最后的b個條目。
語法：歷史
選項：歷史
如果提供了文件名，則將其用作歷史文件。否則，如果$ HISTFILE具有值，則使用該值，否則?/ .bash_history。
如果$ HISTTIMEFORMAT變量被設(shè)置并且不為null，則其值將用作strftime的格式字符串，以打印與每個顯示的歷史記錄條目關(guān)聯(lián)的時間戳。否則，不會打印任何時間戳。
語法：fc
fc用于從歷史記錄列表中列出或編輯并重新執(zhí)行命令。FIRST和LAST可以是指定范圍的數(shù)字，或者FIRST可以是字符串，這意味著以該字符串開頭的最新命令。
選項：fc
使用' fc -s [pat = rep ...] [command] '格式，執(zhí)行OLD = NEW替換后將重新執(zhí)行COMMAND。
與此配合使用的有用別名是r ='fc -s'，因此鍵入' r cc '會運行以' cc ' 開頭的最后一個命令，而鍵入' r '會重新執(zhí)行最后一個命令。
其他歷史記錄命令和快捷方式
Each shell (the Bourne shell, the Bourne Again Shell, the C Shell, the Korn Shell, etc.) has its own slight differences in how it handles, and allows access to, the command history. In general, the following commands help you navigate and use your command history in the Linux/Unix shell.
history displays or manipulate the history list with line numbers, prefixing each modified entry with a '*'. An argument of n lists only the last b entries.
Syntax: history
Options: history
If FILE NAME is given, it is used as the history file. Otherwise, if $HISTFILE has a value, that is used, else ~/.bash_history.
If the $HISTTIMEFORMAT variable is set and not null, its value is used as a format string for strftime to print the timestamp associated with each displayed history entry. No timestamps are printed otherwise.
Syntax: fc
fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history list. FIRST and LAST can be numbers specifying the range, or FIRST can be a string, which means the most recent command beginning with that string.
Options: fc
With the 'fc -s [pat=rep ...] [command]' format, COMMAND is re-executed after the substitution OLD=NEW is performed.
A useful alias to use with this is r='fc -s', so that typing 'r cc' runs the last command beginning with 'cc' and typing 'r' re-executes the last command.
Other history commands and shortcuts
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fc 例子
列出計算機上的命令歷史記錄，類似于以下內(nèi)容：
執(zhí)行以字母ls開頭的最近執(zhí)行的命令。
僅輸入歷史記錄就會得到與以下類似的結(jié)果：
!ls
執(zhí)行以字母ls開頭的最近執(zhí)行的命令。
!!
將重新執(zhí)行最近執(zhí)行的命令。
Lists the history of commands on the computer similar to the following:
Executes the most recently executed command that begins with the letters ls.
Typing history alone would give results similar to the following:
!ls
Executes the most recently executed command that begins with the letters ls.
!!
Would re-execute the most recently executed command.
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其他命令行
fdisk | fg | fgrep | findsmb | finger | fmt | fold | for | free | file | fuser |