vacation (自動電子郵件響應(yīng)器)

舞夕之發(fā)表于 2020-07-21 16:30

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命令行 Unix&Linux命令 vacation

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VOLAGE命令配置自動電子郵件響應(yīng)器。收到電子郵件后，發(fā)件人會收到一封回復(fù)電子郵件，說明您將缺席一段時(shí)間。

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1 vacation 運(yùn)行系統(tǒng)環(huán)境

2 vacation 語法

3 vacation 示例

vacation 運(yùn)行系統(tǒng)環(huán)境

unix

Unix&Linux

vacation 語法

vacation -i [-r interval]

vacation -l

vacation -x

vacation [-a alias] [-d] [-f db] [-m msg] [-j] [-z] login

選項(xiàng)

-a alias	以與接收用戶登錄名相同的方式處理別名消息。
-d	將消息打印到stderr（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)錯(cuò)誤）而不是syslog（系統(tǒng)日志）。
-fdb	使用db作為數(shù)據(jù)庫文件。
-m msg	使用msg作為消息文件。
-j	即使在“To：”或“Cc：”標(biāo)題中找不到我們的地址，也請回復(fù)該消息。此選項(xiàng)非常危險(xiǎn)，應(yīng)格外小心。
-z	將回復(fù)郵件的信封發(fā)件人設(shè)置為“<>”。
-i	初始化休假數(shù)據(jù)庫文件。在修改.forward文件之前，應(yīng)先使用它。
-r interval	將回復(fù)間隔設(shè)置為間隔天數(shù)。默認(rèn)值為一周。間隔“0”表示將對每個(gè)消息發(fā)送答復(fù)，間隔“infinite”（實(shí)際上是任何非數(shù)字字符）將永遠(yuǎn)不會發(fā)送多個(gè)答復(fù)。應(yīng)當(dāng)注意的是，間隔“0”非常危險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)樗灌]件發(fā)送程序進(jìn)入“我在休假”循環(huán)。
-x	從標(biāo)準(zhǔn)輸入中讀取地址列表，每行一個(gè)，并將其添加到Vacation數(shù)據(jù)庫。來自這些排除地址的郵件將不會得到答復(fù)。可以使用語法“@domain”排除整個(gè)域。
-l	打印休假數(shù)據(jù)庫文件的內(nèi)容。對于每個(gè)條目，答復(fù)已發(fā)送到的地址以及相關(guān)的時(shí)間將被打印到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)輸出中。

當(dāng)開始時(shí)不帶任何參數(shù)時(shí)，Vacation將引導(dǎo)用戶完成配置過程。

除非登錄（或使用-a選項(xiàng)提供的別名）是郵件的“To：”或“Cc：”標(biāo)頭的一部分，否則不會發(fā)送任何消息。從“無消息??? - REQUEST”，“郵政”，“UUCP”，“MAILER”或“MAILER-DAEMON”將回復(fù)至（其中這些字符串是不區(qū)分大小寫），也不是，如果一個(gè)“發(fā)送的通知優(yōu)先級：郵件標(biāo)題中包含“：批量”，“優(yōu)先級：列表”或“優(yōu)先級：垃圾”行。.vacation.db在主目錄中。

假期需要一個(gè)文件.vacation.msg，在你的主目錄，包含一個(gè)消息被發(fā)送回每個(gè)發(fā)件人。它應(yīng)該是完整的消息（包括標(biāo)題）。例如，它可能包含：

From: eric@CS.Berkeley.EDU (Eric Allman)
Subject: I am on vacation
Delivered-By-The-Graces-Of: The Vacation program
Precedence: bulk
I am on vacation until July 22. If you have something urgent,
please contact Keith Bostic .
--eric

字符串出現(xiàn)的任何$ SUBJECT在.vacation.msg將被觸發(fā)的休假計(jì)劃消息的主題所取代。

Vacation從標(biāo)準(zhǔn)輸入中讀取傳入的消息，檢查UNIX的“From”行或“Return-Path”頭的消息頭，以確定發(fā)送者。如果兩者都存在，則使用“Return-Path”標(biāo)頭中的發(fā)送者。Sendmail自動包含此“發(fā)件人”行。

致命錯(cuò)誤（例如，使用不正確的參數(shù)調(diào)用vacation或不存在的登錄名）使用syslog記錄在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)錯(cuò)誤輸出和系統(tǒng)日志文件中。

vacation -i [-r interval]

vacation -l

vacation -x

vacation [-a alias] [-d] [-f db] [-m msg] [-j] [-z] login

Options

-a alias	Handle messages for alias in the same manner as those received for the user's loginn ame.
-d	Print messages to stderr (standard error) instead of syslog (the system log).
-f db	Uses db as the database file.
-m msg	Uses msg as the message file.
-j	Reply to the message even if our address cannot be found in the "To:" or "Cc:" headers. This option is very dangerous and should be used with extreme care.
-z	Set the envelope sender of the reply message to "<>".
-i	Initialize the vacation database files. It should be used before you modify your .forward file.
-r interval	Set the reply interval to interval days. The default is one week. An interval of "0" means that a reply is sent to each message, and an interval of "infinite" (actually, any non-numeric character) will never send more than one reply. It should be noted that intervals of "0" are quite dangerous, as it allows mailers to get into "I am on vacation" loops.
-x	Reads a list of addresses from standard input, one per line, and adds them to the vacation database. Mail coming from these excluded addresses will not get a reply. Whole domains can be excluded using the syntax "@domain".
-l	Print the contents of the vacation database files. For each entry, the address the reply has been sent to and the associated time will be printed to standard output.

When started without any arguments, vacation will guide the user through the configuration process.

No message will be sent unless login (or an alias supplied using the -aoption) is part of either the "To:" or "Cc:" headers of the mail. No messages from "???-REQUEST", "Postmaster", "UUCP", "MAILER", or "MAILER-DAEMON" will be replied to (where these strings are case insensitive) nor is a notification sent if a "Precedence: bulk", "Precedence: list" or "Precedence: junk" line is included in the mail headers. The people who have sent you messages are maintained as a database in the file .vacation.db in your home directory.

vacation expects a file .vacation.msg, in your home directory, containing a message to be sent back to each sender. It should be an entire message (including headers). For example, it might contain:

From: eric@CS.Berkeley.EDU (Eric Allman)
Subject: I am on vacation
Delivered-By-The-Graces-Of: The Vacation program
Precedence: bulk
I am on vacation until July 22. If you have something urgent,
please contact Keith Bostic .
--eric

Any occurrence of the string $SUBJECT in .vacation.msg will be replaced by the subject of the message that triggered the vacation program.

vacation reads the incoming message from standard input, checking the message headers for either the UNIX "From" line or a "Return-Path" header to determine the sender. If both are present the sender from the "Return-Path" header is used. Sendmail includes this "From" line automatically.

Fatal errors, such as calling vacation with incorrect arguments, or with non-existent logins, are logged on the standard error output and in the system log file, using syslog.

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vacation 示例

vacation

提示您配置應(yīng)在您缺席時(shí)發(fā)送的自動電子郵件響應(yīng)。

vacation

Prompts you to configure the automatic e-mail responses that should be sent in your absence.

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其他命令行

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