The nispasswd utility changes a password, gecos field (-g option), home directory (-h option), or loginshell (-s option) associated with the username (by default, whoever invoked the program) in the NIS+ passwd table.
Additionally, the command can be used to view or modify aging information associated with the user specified if the invoker has the right NIS+ privileges.
nispasswd uses secure RPC to communicate with the NIS+ server, and therefore, never sends unencrypted passwords over the communication medium.
nispasswd does not read or modify the local password information stored in the /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow files.
When used to change a password, nispasswd prompts non-privileged users for their old password. It then prompts for the new password twice to forestall typing mistakes. When the old password is entered, nispasswd checks to see if it has "aged" sufficiently. If "aging" is insufficient, nispasswd terminates.
The old password is used to decrypt the username's secret key. If the password does not decrypt the secret key, nispasswd prompts for the old secure-RPC password. It uses this password to decrypt the secret key. If this fails, it gives the user one more chance. The old password is also used to ensure that the new password differs from the old by at least three characters. Assuming aging is sufficient, a check is made to ensure that the new password meets construction requirements described below. When the new password is entered a second time, the two copies of the new password are compared. If the two copies are not identical, the cycle of prompting for the new password is repeated twice. The new password is used to re-encrypt the user's secret key. Hence, it also becomes their secure-RPC password. Therefore, the secure-RPC password is no longer a different password from the user's password.
Passwords must be constructed to meet the following requirements:
Each password must have at least six characters. Only the first eight characters are significant.
Each password must contain at least two alphabetic characters and at least one numeric or special character. In this case, "alphabetic" refers to all upper or lower case letters.
Each password must differ from the user's login username and any reverse or circular shift of that login username. For comparison purposes, an upper case letter and its corresponding lower case letter are equivalent.
New passwords must differ from the old by at least three characters. For comparison purposes, an upper case letter and its corresponding lower case letter are equivalent.
Network administrators, who own the NIS+ password table, may change any password attributes if they establish their credentials (see keylogin) before invoking nispasswd. Hence, nispasswd does not prompt these privileged-users for the old password and they are not forced to comply with password aging and password construction requirements.
Any user may use the -d option to display password attributes for his or her own login name. The format of the display will be:
username status mm/dd/yy min max warn
or, if password aging information is not present,
username status
where the following values are used:
username
The login ID of the user.
status
The password status of username: "PS" stands for password exists or locked, "LK" stands for locked, and "NP" stands for no password.
mm/dd/yy
The date password was last changed for username. (Note that all password aging dates are determined using Greenwich Mean Time (Universal Time) and, therefore, may differ by as much as a day in other time zones.)
min
The minimum number of days required between password changes for username.
max
The maximum number of days the password is valid for username.
warn
The number of days relative to max before the password expires that the username will be warned.
Changes the login shell. By default, only the NIS+ administrator can change the login shell. User will be prompted for the new login shell.
-a
Shows the password attributes for all entries. This will show only the entries in the NIS+ passwd table in the local domain that the invoker is authorized to "read".
-d [username]
Displays password attributes for the caller or the user specified if the invoker has the right privileges.
-l
Locks the password entry for username. Subsequently, login would disallow logins with this NIS+ password entry.
-f
Forces the user to change password at the next login by expiring the password for username.
-nmin
Sets minimum field for username. The min field contains the minimum number of days between password changes for username. If min is greater than max, the user may not change the password. Always use this option with the -x option, unless max is set to -1 (aging turned off). In that case, min need not be set.
-xmax
Set maximum field for username. The max field contains the number of days that the password is valid for username. The aging for username will be turned off immediately if max is set to -1. If it is set to 0, then the user is forced to change the password at the next login session and aging is turned off.
-wwarn
Sets warn field for username. The warn field contains the number of days before the password expires that the user will be warned whenever he or she attempts to login.
-Ddomainname
Consults the passwd.org_dir table in domainname. If this option is not specified, the default domainname returned by nis_local_directory() will be used. This domainname is the same as that returned by domainname(1M).
The use of nispasswd is STRONGLY discouraged. Even though it is a hard link to passwd, its operation is subtly different and not desirable in a modern NIS+ domain.
In particular, nispasswd will not attempt to contact the rpc.nispasswdddaemon running on the NIS+ master. It will instead attempt to do the updates by itself via the NIS+ API. For this to work, the permissions on the password data need to be modified from the default as set up by the nisserver setup script.
Using passwd with the -r nisplus option will achieve the same result and will be consistent across all the different name services available. This is the recommended way to change the password in NIS+.
The login program, file access display programs (for example, 'ls -l'), and network programs that require user passwords (for example, rlogin, ftp, and so on) use the standard getpwnam and getspnam interfaces to get password information. These programs will get the NIS+ password information, that is modified by nispasswd, only if the "passwd:" entry in the /etc/nsswitch.conf file includes nisplus.
nispasswd (更改NIS +密碼信息)
在Solaris操作系統上，nispasswd命令更改NIS +密碼信息。
On the Solaris operating system, the nispasswd command changes NIS+ password information.
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1 nispasswd 運行系統環境
2 nispasswd 描述
3 nispasswd 語法
nispasswd 運行系統環境
Unix&Linux
nispasswd 描述
該nispasswd工具更改密碼，gecos字段（-g選項），主目錄（-h選項），或登錄 殼（-s在NIS +的用戶名（默認情況下，誰調用該程序）相關的選項）passwd的表。
此外，如果調用者具有正確的NIS +特權，則該命令可用于查看或修改與指定用戶關聯的老化信息。
nispasswd使用安全的RPC與NIS +服務器通信，因此，決不會通過通信介質發送未加密的密碼。
nispasswd不會讀取或修改/ etc / passwd和/ etc / shadow文件中存儲的本地密碼信息。
當用于更改密碼時，nispasswd會提示非特權用戶輸入其舊密碼。然后，它兩次提示您輸入新密碼，以防止輸入錯誤。輸入舊密碼后，nispasswd會檢查它是否已經足夠“老化”。如果“老化”不足，nispasswd終止。
舊密碼用于解密用戶名的密鑰。如果密碼沒有解密密鑰，則nispasswd提示輸入舊的secure-RPC密碼。它使用此密碼來解密密鑰。如果失敗，則為用戶帶來更多機會。舊密碼還用于確保新密碼與舊密碼至少相差三個字符。假設老化已足夠，請進行檢查以確保新密碼滿足以下構造要求。當第二次輸入新密碼時，將比較新密碼的兩個副本。如果兩個副本不相同，則提示輸入新密碼的周期將重復兩次。新密碼用于重新加密用戶的密鑰。因此，它也成為他們的secure-RPC密碼。因此，secure-RPC密碼不再是與用戶密碼不同的密碼。
必須構造密碼來滿足以下要求：
擁有NIS +密碼表的網絡管理員可以在調用nispasswd之前建立其憑據（請參閱keylogin）來更改任何密碼屬性。因此，nispasswd不會提示這些特權用戶輸入舊密碼，也不會強制他們遵守密碼時效和密碼構造要求。
任何用戶都可以使用-d選項顯示其自己的登錄名的密碼屬性。顯示格式為：
或者，如果不存在密碼時效信息，
使用以下值的地方：
The nispasswd utility changes a password, gecos field (-g option), home directory (-h option), or login shell (-s option) associated with the username (by default, whoever invoked the program) in the NIS+ passwd table.
Additionally, the command can be used to view or modify aging information associated with the user specified if the invoker has the right NIS+ privileges.
nispasswd uses secure RPC to communicate with the NIS+ server, and therefore, never sends unencrypted passwords over the communication medium.
nispasswd does not read or modify the local password information stored in the /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow files.
When used to change a password, nispasswd prompts non-privileged users for their old password. It then prompts for the new password twice to forestall typing mistakes. When the old password is entered, nispasswd checks to see if it has "aged" sufficiently. If "aging" is insufficient, nispasswd terminates.
The old password is used to decrypt the username's secret key. If the password does not decrypt the secret key, nispasswd prompts for the old secure-RPC password. It uses this password to decrypt the secret key. If this fails, it gives the user one more chance. The old password is also used to ensure that the new password differs from the old by at least three characters. Assuming aging is sufficient, a check is made to ensure that the new password meets construction requirements described below. When the new password is entered a second time, the two copies of the new password are compared. If the two copies are not identical, the cycle of prompting for the new password is repeated twice. The new password is used to re-encrypt the user's secret key. Hence, it also becomes their secure-RPC password. Therefore, the secure-RPC password is no longer a different password from the user's password.
Passwords must be constructed to meet the following requirements:
Network administrators, who own the NIS+ password table, may change any password attributes if they establish their credentials (see keylogin) before invoking nispasswd. Hence, nispasswd does not prompt these privileged-users for the old password and they are not forced to comply with password aging and password construction requirements.
Any user may use the -d option to display password attributes for his or her own login name. The format of the display will be:
or, if password aging information is not present,
where the following values are used:
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nispasswd 語法
選件
nispasswd可以識別以下選項：
退出狀態
警告
強烈禁止使用nispasswd。即使它是與passwd的硬鏈接，它的操作還是有細微差別的，在現代NIS +域中并不理想。
尤其是，nispasswd不會嘗試聯系在NIS +主服務器上 運行的rpc.nispasswdd守護程序。相反，它將嘗試通過NIS + API自行進行更新。為此，需要修改密碼數據的權限（由nisserver設置腳本設置為默認值）。
將passwd與-r nisplus選項一起使用將獲得相同的結果，并且在所有可用的所有不同名稱服務之間保持一致。這是在NIS +中更改密碼的推薦方法。
需要用戶密碼（例如rlogin，ftp等）的登錄程序，文件訪問顯示程序（例如ls -l）和網絡程序使用標準的getpwnam和getspnam接口來獲取密碼信息。僅當/etc/nsswitch.conf文件中的“ passwd： ”條目包含nisplus時，這些程序才會獲得nispasswd修改的NIS +密碼信息。
Options
nispasswd recognizes the following options:
Exit Status
Warning
The use of nispasswd is STRONGLY discouraged. Even though it is a hard link to passwd, its operation is subtly different and not desirable in a modern NIS+ domain.
In particular, nispasswd will not attempt to contact the rpc.nispasswdd daemon running on the NIS+ master. It will instead attempt to do the updates by itself via the NIS+ API. For this to work, the permissions on the password data need to be modified from the default as set up by the nisserver setup script.
Using passwd with the -r nisplus option will achieve the same result and will be consistent across all the different name services available. This is the recommended way to change the password in NIS+.
The login program, file access display programs (for example, 'ls -l'), and network programs that require user passwords (for example, rlogin, ftp, and so on) use the standard getpwnam and getspnam interfaces to get password information. These programs will get the NIS+ password information, that is modified by nispasswd, only if the "passwd:" entry in the /etc/nsswitch.conf file includes nisplus.
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其他命令行
newalias | newform | newgrp | niscat | nischmod | nischown | nischttl | nisdefaults | nl | nohup | nroff | nc | nisgrep | nistbladm | nice |