hostname is used to display the system's DNS name, and to display or set its hostname or NIS (Network Information Services) domain name.
When called without any arguments, hostname displays the name of the system as returned by the gethostname function.
When called with one argument or with the --file option, hostname will set the system's hostname using the sethostname function. Only the superuser can set the hostname.
The hostname is usually set once at system startup in the script/etc/init.d/hostname.sh normally by reading the contents of a file which contains the hostname, e.g., /etc/hostname.
Display the alias name of the host (if used). This option is deprecated and should not be used anymore.
-A, --all-fqdns
Displays every FQDN of the machine. This option enumerates all configured network addresses on all configured network interfaces, and translates them to DNS domain names. Addresses that cannot be translated (i.e. because they do not have an appropriate reverse DNS entry) are skipped. Note that different addresses may resolve to the same name, therefore the output may contain duplicate entries. Do not make any assumptions about the order of the output.
-b, --boot
Always set a hostname; this allows the file specified by -F to be non-existant or empty, in which case the default hostname localhost will be used if none is yet set.
-d, --domain
Display the name of the DNS domain. Don't use the command domainname to get the DNS domain name because it shows the NIS domain name and not the DNS domain name. Use dnsdomainname instead. See the warnings in the FQDN section, and avoid using this option if at all possible.
-f, --fqdn, --long
Display the FQDN (fully qualified domain name). A FQDN consists of a short hostname and the DNS domain name. Unless you are using BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain) or NIS for host lookups, you can change the FQDN and the DNS domain name (which is part of the FQDN) in the /etc/hosts file. See the warnings in the FQDN section, and avoid using this option if at all possible; use hostname --all-fqdns instead.
-F, --filefile name
Read the hostname from the specified file. Comments (lines starting with a `#') are ignored.
-i, --ip-address
Display the network address(es) of the hostname. Note that this works only if the hostname can be resolved. Avoid using this option if at all possible; use hostname --all-ip-addresses instead.
-I, --all-ip-addresses
Display all network addresses of the host. This option enumerates all configured addresses on all network interfaces. The loopback interface and IPv6 link-local addresses are omitted. Contrary to option -i, this option does not depend on name resolution. Do not make any assumptions about the order of the output.
-s, --short
Display the short hostname. This is the hostname cut at the first dot.
-v, --verbose
Be verbose with all output.
-V, --version
Print version information on standard output and exit successfully.
-y, --yp, --nis
Display the NIS domain name. If a parameter is given (or --file name ) then root (the superuser) can also set a new NIS domain.
-h, --help
Print a help message and exit.
The FQDN
The FQDN (fully qualified domain name) of the system is the name that the resolver returns for the hostname, such as mysubdomain.example.com. It is usually the hostname followed by the DNS domain name (the part after the first dot). You can check the FQDN using hostname --fqdn or the domain name using dnsdomainname.
You cannot change the FQDN with hostname or dnsdomainname.
The recommended method of setting the FQDN is to make the hostname be an alias for the fully qualified name using /etc/hosts, DNS, or NIS. For example, if the hostname was "mysubdomain", one might have a line in /etc/hosts which reads:
127.0.1.1 ursula.example.com ursula
Technically: The FQDN is the name getaddrinfo returns for the hostname returned by gethostname. The DNS domain name is the part after the first dot.
Therefore it depends on the configuration of the resolver (usually in /etc/host.conf) how you can change it. Usually, the hosts file is parsed before DNS or NIS, so it is most common to change the FQDN in /etc/hosts.
If a machine has multiple network interfaces/addresses or is used in a mobile environment, then it may either have multiple FQDNs/domain names or none at all. Therefore avoid using hostname --fqdn, hostname --domain and dnsdomainname.
hostname --ip-address is subject to the same limitations so it should be avoided as well.
Files
/etc/hostname
Historically this file was supposed to only contain the hostname and not the full canonical FQDN. Nowadays most software can cope with a full FQDN here. This file is read at boot time by the system initialization scripts to set the hostname.
/etc/hosts
Usually, this is where one sets the domain name by aliasing the hostname to the FQDN.
hostname (顯示或設(shè)置系統(tǒng)hostname)
在類似Unix的操作系統(tǒng)上，hostname命令顯示或設(shè)置系統(tǒng)hostname。
On Unix-like operating systems, the hostname command shows or sets the system hostname.
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1 hostname 運行系統(tǒng)環(huán)境
2 hostname 描述
3 hostname 語法
4 hostname 例子
hostname 運行系統(tǒng)環(huán)境
Unix&Linux
hostname 描述
hostname用于顯示系統(tǒng)的DNS名稱，以及顯示或設(shè)置其主機名或NIS（網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息服務(wù)）域名。
當不帶任何參數(shù)調(diào)用時，hostname顯示gethostname函數(shù)返回的系統(tǒng)名稱。
當使用一個參數(shù)或--file選項調(diào)用時，hostname將使用sethostname函數(shù)設(shè)置系統(tǒng)的hostname。只有超級用戶可以設(shè)置hostname。
通常，通常在系統(tǒng)啟動時通過腳本 /etc/init.d/hostname.sh設(shè)置一次hostname，方法通常是讀取包含hostname的文件的內(nèi)容，例如/ etc / hostname。
hostname is used to display the system's DNS name, and to display or set its hostname or NIS (Network Information Services) domain name.
When called without any arguments, hostname displays the name of the system as returned by the gethostname function.
When called with one argument or with the --file option, hostname will set the system's hostname using the sethostname function. Only the superuser can set the hostname.
The hostname is usually set once at system startup in the script /etc/init.d/hostname.sh normally by reading the contents of a file which contains the hostname, e.g., /etc/hostname.
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hostname 語法
hostname [-v] [-a|--alias] [-d|--domain] [-f|--fqdn|--long] [-A|--all-fqdns] [-i|--ip-address] [-I|--all-ip-addresses] [-s|--short] [-y|--yp|--nis]選件
FQDN
系統(tǒng)的FQDN（標準域名）是解析程序為hostname返回的名稱，例如mysubdomain.example.com。通常是hostname，后跟DNS域名（第一個點之后的部分）。您可以使用hostname--fqdn檢查FQDN或使用dnsdomainname檢查域名。
您不能使用hostname或dnsdomainname更改FQDN 。
推薦的設(shè)置FQDN的方法是使用/ etc / hosts，DNS或NIS使hostname成為標準名稱的別名。例如，如果hostname是“ mysubdomain ”，則/ etc / hosts中可能有一行，內(nèi)容為：
從技術(shù)上講：FQDN是gethostr返回的hostname的getaddrinfo返回名稱。DNS域名是第一個點之后的部分。
因此，如何更改它取決于解析器的配置（通常在/etc/host.conf中）。通常，hosts文件是在DNS或NIS之前解析的，因此最常見的是在/ etc / hosts中更改FQDN 。
如果機器具有多個網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口/地址或在移動環(huán)境中使用，則它可能具有多個FQDN /域名，或者根本沒有。因此，請避免使用hostname--fqdn，hostname--domain和dnsdomainname。
hostname--ip-address受相同的限制，因此也應(yīng)避免使用。
檔案
hostname [-v] [-a|--alias] [-d|--domain] [-f|--fqdn|--long] [-A|--all-fqdns] [-i|--ip-address] [-I|--all-ip-addresses] [-s|--short] [-y|--yp|--nis]Options
The FQDN
The FQDN (fully qualified domain name) of the system is the name that the resolver returns for the hostname, such as mysubdomain.example.com. It is usually the hostname followed by the DNS domain name (the part after the first dot). You can check the FQDN using hostname --fqdn or the domain name using dnsdomainname.
You cannot change the FQDN with hostname or dnsdomainname.
The recommended method of setting the FQDN is to make the hostname be an alias for the fully qualified name using /etc/hosts, DNS, or NIS. For example, if the hostname was "mysubdomain", one might have a line in /etc/hosts which reads:
Technically: The FQDN is the name getaddrinfo returns for the hostname returned by gethostname. The DNS domain name is the part after the first dot.
Therefore it depends on the configuration of the resolver (usually in /etc/host.conf) how you can change it. Usually, the hosts file is parsed before DNS or NIS, so it is most common to change the FQDN in /etc/hosts.
If a machine has multiple network interfaces/addresses or is used in a mobile environment, then it may either have multiple FQDNs/domain names or none at all. Therefore avoid using hostname --fqdn, hostname --domain and dnsdomainname.
hostname --ip-address is subject to the same limitations so it should be avoided as well.
Files
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hostname 例子
顯示系統(tǒng)主機名。
Displays the system hostname.
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其他命令行
hash | head | host | hostid | halt | help |