xcopy (復制文件和目錄樹)

嚯嚯發表于 2020-06-22 16:28

瀏覽次數：

命令行 MSDOS命令 xcopy

在手機上閱讀

釋放雙眼，帶上耳機，聽聽看~！

00:00

xcopy是copy命令的更強大版本，具有其他功能。它能夠將文件，目錄甚至整個驅動器從一個位置移動到另一個位置。

運行最新版本Windows的用戶應考慮使用robocopy而不是xcopy。

查看英文版

1 xcopy 運行系統環境

2 windows 2000，xp和之后版本的語法和開關

3 windows 98及之前版本的語法和開關

4 xcopy 用例

5 xcopy的問題與解答

xcopy 運行系統環境

Windows 95

Windows 98

Windows xp

Windows vista

Windows 2000

Windows 7

Windows 8

Windows 10

Windows NT

windows 2000，xp和之后版本的語法和開關

XCOPY source [destination] [/A | /M] [/D[:date]] [/P] [/S [/E]] [/V] 
[/W] [/C] [/I] [/Q] [/F] [/L] [/H] [/R] [/T] [/U] [/K] [/N] [/O] [/X] 
[/Y] [/-Y] [/Z] [/B] [/J] [/EXCLUDE:file1[+file2][+file3]...]

source	指定要復制的文件。
destination	指定新文件的位置和/或名稱。
/A	僅復制有存檔屬性集的文件，但不更改屬性。
/M	僅復制有存檔屬性集的文件，并關閉存檔屬性。
/D:m-d-y	復制在指定日期或指定日期以后更改的文件。如果沒有提供日期，只復制那些源時間比目標時間新的文件。
/EXCLUDE:file1 [+file2][+file3]...	指定含有字符串的文件列表。每個字符串在文件中應位于單獨的一行。如果任何字符串與復制文件的絕對路徑的任何部分相符，則排除復制該文件。例如，指定如 obj 或 .obj 的字符串會分別排除目錄 obj 下面的所有文件或帶有.obj 擴展名的所有文件。
/P	創建每個目標文件之前提示你。
/S	復制目錄和子目錄，不包括空目錄。
/E	復制目錄和子目錄，包括空目錄。與 /S /E 相同。可以用來修改 /T。
/V	驗證每個新文件的大小。
/W	提示你在復制前按鍵。
/C	即使有錯誤，也繼續復制。
/I	如果目標不存在，且要復制多個文件，則假定目標必須是目錄。
/Q	復制時不顯示文件名。
/F	復制時顯示完整的源文件名和目標文件名。
/L	顯示要復制的文件。
/H	也復制隱藏文件和系統文件。
/R	覆蓋只讀文件。
/T	創建目錄結構，但不復制文件。不包括空目錄或子目錄。/T /E 包括空目錄和子目錄。
/U	只復制已經存在于目標中的文件。
/K	復制屬性。一般的 Xcopy 會重置只讀屬性。
/N	用生成的短名稱復制。
/O	復制文件所有權和 ACL 信息。
/X	復制文件審核設置(隱含 /O)。
/Y	取消提示以確認要覆蓋現有目標文件。
/-Y	要提示以確認要覆蓋現有目標文件。
/Z	在可重新啟動模式下復制網絡文件。
/B	復制符號鏈接本身與鏈接目標。
/J	復制時不使用緩沖的 I/O。推薦復制大文件時使用。

開關 /Y 可以預先在 COPYCMD 環境變量中設置，這可能被命令行上的 /-Y 覆蓋。

XCOPY source [destination] [/A | /M] [/D[:date]] [/P] [/S [/E]] [/V] 
[/W] [/C] [/I] [/Q] [/F] [/L] [/H] [/R] [/T] [/U] [/K] [/N] [/O] [/X] 
[/Y] [/-Y] [/Z] [/B] [/J] [/EXCLUDE:file1[+file2][+file3]...]

source	Specifies the source of the file(s) to copy.
destination	Specifies the destination location or name of the new files.
/A	Copies only files with the archive attribute set, doesn't change the attribute.
/M	Copies only files with the archive attribute set, turns off the archive attribute.
/D:m-d-y	Copies files changed on or after the specified date. If no date is given, copies only those files whose source time is newer than the destination time.
/EXCLUDE:file1 [+file2][+file3]...	Specifies a list of files containing strings. When any of the strings match any part of the absolute file path to be copied, that file is excluded from being copied. For example, specifying a string like obj or .obj will exclude all files underneath the directory obj or all files with the .obj extension respectively.
/P	Prompts you before creating each destination file.
/S	Copies directories and subdirectories except empty ones.
/E	Copies directories and subdirectories, including empty ones. Same as /S /E. May be used to modify /T.
/V	Verifies each new file.
/W	Prompts you to press a key before copying.
/C	Continues copying even if errors occur.
/I	If the destination does not exist and copying more than one file, assumes that destination must be a directory.
/Q	Does not display file names while copying.
/F	Displays full source and destination file names while copying.
/L	Displays files that would be copied.
/H	Copies hidden and system files also.
/R	Overwrites read-only files.
/T	Creates directory structure, but does not copy files. Does not include empty directories or subdirectories. /T /E includes empty directories and subdirectories.
/U	Copies only files that already exist in destination.
/K	Copies attributes. Normal xcopy will reset read-only attributes.
/N	Copies using the generated short names.
/O	Copies file ownership and ACL information.
/X	Copies file audit settings (implies /O).
/Y	Suppresses prompting to confirm you want to overwrite an existing destination file.
/-Y	Causes prompting to confirm you want to overwrite an existing destination file.
/Z	Copies networked files in restartable mode.
/B	Copies the symbolic link itself versus the target of the link.
/J	Copies using unbuffered I/O. We recommend for very large files.

The switch /Y may be preset in the COPYCMD environment variable that

can be overridden with /-Y on the command line.

僅Windows Vista及更高版本包含[/ B]和[/ J]選項。

查看英文版

windows 98及之前版本的語法和開關

XCOPY source [destination] [/A | /M] [/D[:date]] [/P] [/S [/E]] [/W] [/C] 
[/I] [/Q] [/F] [/L] [/H] [/R] [/T] [/U] [/K] [/N]

source	指定要復制的文件。
destination	指定新文件的位置或名稱。
/A	復制設置了存檔屬性的文件，但不會更改該屬性。
/M	復制設置了存檔屬性的文件，關閉存檔屬性。
/D:date	復制在指定日期或之后更改的文件。如果沒有給出日期，則僅復制源時間比目標時間新的那些文件。
/P	在創建每個目標文件之前提示您。
/S	復制目錄和子目錄（空目錄除外）。
/E	復制目錄和子目錄，包括空目錄。與/ S / E相同。可用于修改/ T。
/W	提示您在復制之前按一個鍵。
/C	即使發生錯誤也繼續復制。
/I	如果目標不存在并且要復制多個文件，則假定目標必須是目錄。
/Q	復制時不顯示文件名。
/F	復制時顯示完整的源文件和目標文件名。
/L	顯示將被復制的文件。
/H	還復制隱藏文件和系統文件。
/R	覆蓋只讀文件。
/T	創建目錄結構，但不復制文件。不包括空目錄或子目錄。/ T / E包含空目錄和子目錄。
/U	更新目標中已存在的文件。
/K	復制屬性。普通的xcopy將重置只讀屬性。
/Y	覆蓋現有文件而無提示。
/-Y	在覆蓋現有文件之前提示您。
/N	使用生成的簡稱復制。

XCOPY source [destination] [/A | /M] [/D[:date]] [/P] [/S [/E]] [/W] [/C] 
[/I] [/Q] [/F] [/L] [/H] [/R] [/T] [/U] [/K] [/N]

source	Specifies the file(s) to copy.
destination	Specifies the location or name of new files.
/A	Copies files with the archive attribute set, doesn't change the attribute.
/M	Copies files with the archive attribute set, turns off the archive attribute.
/D:date	Copies files changed on or after the specified date. If no date is given, copies only those files whose source time is newer than the destination time.
/P	Prompts you before creating each destination file.
/S	Copies directories and subdirectories except empty ones.
/E	Copies directories and subdirectories, including empty ones. Same as /S /E. May be used to modify /T.
/W	Prompts you to press a key before copying.
/C	Continues copying even if errors occur.
/I	If the destination does not exist and copying more than one file, assumes that destination must be a directory.
/Q	Does not display file names while copying.
/F	Displays full source and destination file names while copying.
/L	Displays files that would be copied.
/H	Copies hidden and system files also.
/R	Overwrites read-only files.
/T	Creates directory structure, but does not copy files. Does not include empty directories or subdirectories. /T /E includes empty directories and subdirectories.
/U	Updates the files that already exist in destination.
/K	Copies attributes. Normal xcopy will reset read-only attributes.
/Y	Overwrites existing files without prompting.
/-Y	Prompts you before overwriting existing files.
/N	Copy using the generated short names.

查看英文版

xcopy 用例

xcopy *.* /h hope

在上面的示例中，xcopy命令將當前目錄中的所有文件（包括隱藏的文件）復制到hope目錄中。

xcopy c:\temp /e

在上面的示例中，是基本的xcopy命令，用于將temp目錄中的文件，目錄和子目錄復制到當前目錄。

xcopy "c:\documents and settings\hope" /e

在上面的示例中，xcopy命令會將用戶“hope”目錄中的所有文件和目錄復制到當前目錄。

xcopy hope example /e

在上面的示例中，xcopy命令將所有目錄（甚至空目錄）和文件從hope目錄復制到示例目錄中。

xcopy h:\*.* /a /e /k

上面的命令將H目錄中的上的所有內容復制到當前目錄。

xcopy *.* /h hope

In the example above, the xcopy command copies all the files (including hidden ones) in the current directory into the hope directory.

xcopy c:\temp /e

In the example above, is the basic xcopy command to copy the files, directories, and subdirectories in the temp directory to the current directory.

xcopy "c:\documents and settings\hope" /e

In the example above, the xcopy command would copy all files and directories in the user "hope" directory to the current directory.

xcopy hope example /e

In the example above, the xcopy command copies all directories (even empty directories) and files from the hope directory into the example directory.

xcopy h:\*.* /a /e /k

The command above copies everything located on the H drive to the current directory.

查看英文版

xcopy的問題與解答

獲取無效的參數數量錯誤

當您輸入的命令中包含空格時，會發生此錯誤。在MS-DOS中鍵入帶有空格的目錄時，請確保路徑用引號引起來。例如，不要鍵入：c：\ documents and settings在提示符下鍵入“ c：\ documents and settings”。

無法執行循環復制

當您嘗試復制包含目標目錄的目錄時，會發生此錯誤。如果允許該命令，它將陷入循環，并且永遠不會停止復制。使用xcopy命令時，如果復制所有目錄和子目錄，則目標必須是完全獨立的目錄或驅動器。

錯誤解析

當您輸入的命令語法無效時，會發生此錯誤。例如，如果您將路徑用引號引起來，而省略了引號。

我嘗試使用上述xcopy命令，但無法復制收藏夾文件夾中的所有文件

經過進一步檢查，Computer Hope也遇到了此問題。但是，我們可以使用下面的命令復制所有收藏夾中的大多數。另外，考慮使用robocopy。

xcopy c:\windows\favorites\*.* /e /k /i /c

我們認為，此問題是由于Internet Explorer使用帶有擴展字符的長文件名保存URL（收藏夾）的方式而產生的。

什么是xcopy32？

Xcopy32是Microsoft Windows 95和Windows 98可用的命令。盡管可以單獨運行Xcopy32，但是在諸如FAT32的32位文件系統上使用xcopy時，它會自動執行。對于同時具有xcopy和xcopy32的16位文件系統，使用xcopy命令。如果要決定運行xcopy或xcopy32，請始終使用xcopy。

Getting Invalid number of parameters error

This error occurs when the command you're entering has spaces in it. When typing a directory with spaces in MS-DOS, make sure to surround the path with quotes. For example, instead of typing: c:\documents and settings type "c:\documents and settings" at the prompt.

Cannot perform a cyclic copy

This error occurs when you're trying to copy directories that contain the destination directory. If this command were to be allowed, it would get into a loop and would never stop copying. When using the xcopy command, if you copy all directories and subdirectories the destination has to be a completely separate directory or drive.

Parse error

This error occurs when the command you're typing in has invalid syntax. For example, if you're surrounding your path in quotes and leave out the ending quotes.

I attempted to use the above xcopy command and was not able to copy all files within my favorites folder

After further examination, Computer Hope also encountered this issue. However, we were able to copy the majority of all favorites by using the command below. Also, consider using robocopy.

xcopy c:\windows\favorites\*.* /e /k /i /c

We are under the impression this issue is generated because of the way that Internet Explorer saves the URL (favorite) using long file names with extended characters.

What is xcopy32?

Xcopy32 was a command available with Microsoft Windows 95 and Windows 98. Although it can be run by itself, it is executed automatically when xcopy is used on a 32-bit file system like FAT32. For early 16-bit file systems that had both xcopy and xcopy32, the xcopy command is used. If you're trying to decide to run xcopy or xcopy32, always use xcopy.

查看英文版

其他命令行

如此好文，分享給朋友